UNDERGROUND METALLIFEROUS MINING || RTU 6th SEM

I.Introduction - Historical development; present status of metal mining industry in India and world, Trend of mining non-coal deposit in India during the last ten years; Geographical distribution of important economic non-coal mineral in India.

Overview of various stoping Methods: Definitions of important terms used in underground metal mining methods Classification of different stoping methods, Factors influencing selection of stoping methods

II. Development: Opening of deposits – shafts (vertical and inclined), declines and adits. Cross-cuts. Division of orebody into levels and blocks Level interval. Variables affecting the choice of mode of access, Driving of raises – conventional and raise boring machines methods, Introduction to Raise boring and introduction to tunnel boring

III.Open Stoping Method: Overhand, Underhand and Breast stoping methods; Open stoping; Vertical Crater Retreat method; Sub level stoping, Room and Pillar method, Pillar Recovery Methods Stull mining; Shrinkage; Blast hole and their variations

IV.Caving stoping methods: Sublevel caving, Block caving, Top slicing and their variations spontaneous and induced. Dilution and recovery. Productivity

V.Supported stoping methods: Timber, Post pillar; Cut and fill and their variations; Square set; Different types of support used.

Support Systems: Unit supports and mass support systems, Pillars; Back fill, Cable bolting, Steel, Rock bolts, Grouting, Shotcreting etc.,code of timbering rules